Imaging Testing (CT, MRI)
CT scan
A brain CT scan (computed tomography) is a widely available diagnostic procedure that provides an image of the brain’s structure. It can be performed with or without the administration of an intravenous dye. It can, at times, provide information that explains the cause of the seizures. With the advent of the MRI, which has better resolution (provides much clearer views), the use of CT scans has diminished. However, on many occasions CT is the only available test (for example, in most emergency rooms)
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
The brain MRI has evolved substantially over the past two decades. Specially designated sequences or “images of brain slices” (epilepsy protocol MRI) are used at most epilepsy centers to provide the most precise brain structure details possible. This makes it easier to determine if any regions of the brain are showing signs of abnormality. This test is non-invasive and involves lying as still and quiet as possible on a gurney in a special room. The test can be performed on an outpatient basis or following V-EEG monitoring. It should be noted however that in a number of cases no abnormalities are identified through MRI.
Other imaging testing (mainly used as part of the pre-surgical evaluation) (see treatment section for details)
FMRI (Functional MRI)
PET (Positron Emission Tomography)
SPECT (Single Positron Emission Computerized Tomography)
MRS (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy)